This is perhaps the most familiar concept to the Englishman,
becuase 99.9% of English adverbs end with -ly
such as quickly, quietly,
slowly.
In Hungarian, we produce the same effect
with -an/en or -ul/ül.
The choice of ending is a little idiosyncratic. One hard-and-fast rule
for languages
Of couurse, for words ending in -a
or -e, we
lengthen the trailing vowel and apply the -n directly,
but note that adjectives ending in
ú or
ű
can take the ending directly.
Here are some common examples
-
gyors fast
... ...
gyorsan quickly
-
gyenge weak
... ...
gyengén weakly (note trailing e becomes é)
-
könnyű easy
... ...
könnyen
easily
-
vad vad
... ...
vadul
wildly
-
szép beautiful
... ...
szépen
beautifully
-
rossz bad
... ...
rosszul
badly
-
szomorú sad
... ...
szomorúan
or
szomorún
sadly
Two irregular adverbs:
-
lassú slow
... ...
lassan slowly (note loss of -ú)
-
nagy large
... ...
nagyon very (note choice of vowel)
The word English is an adjective when used:
Is Ági English?.
In the Hungarian language, when we ask the question, do you speak English? the
word English is used as an adverb.
Literally, we say,
do you speak Englishly?, or
do you speak in English?
This is actually very sensible, because the adverb "English(ly)" describes
how we are speaking, in what manner we are speaking.
-
Beszélsz magyarul?
Do you speak Hungarian?
-
Angolul beszélünk
We (can) speak English
-
Nem beszélek németül
I don't speak German